Dear sons and daughters of Nepal,

We do not really know what the situation is like in our country. We have heard more rumours and less facts; and we have made our own judgement based on those rumours. Our opinions have been divided into almost two halves. One half supporting the King's move and the other half opposing the action. Almost all of us who are fortunate enough to live in the west at this torrid time are capable to think sensibly on this issue.So lets contemplate with the love for the country and citizens in mind now.

Some of us may have been victims of atrocities committed by the Maoists. Some may have suffered because of the corrupted political leaders. And some of us may have been the victim of injustice in the Panchayat era and at present. So we are expressing our vengeance against those who have made us to suffer. And therefore we are divided. The citizens who are educated, who have seen how democray functions, who know the fruits of social justice in a developed society; we are divided. And this is not a good sign for the future. Tommorow, we have to take the burden of Nepal in our shoulders. We have to hand the nation to our next generation. We have to make sure that we can hand over a peaceful and prosperous nation to our children and die. Otherwise we are not different to the previous generation which never got the oppurtunity like us to see the democracy and prosperity of the western world. Our children will blame us if we fail to do better things for our country.So let's try to be impartial, let's forget our personal interest, let's put away our vengeance against both sides of the debate.With a cool mind let's discuss what can we do at best to resolve the current crisis from our part. I will try to give my assement in the next thread on what can we expect in the near future and what is best for the country in the coming days. Please put your thoughts, unbiased and pragmatic, without spilling your anguish and hatred to all the sides- political parties, monarchy and maoists.I hope all of you will take part in this debate very seriously.
Newuser.

Newuser dude

Just because you see me as some sort of Maoist supporter doesnt mean that I actually have to be a Maoist supporter. Despite this clarification if you still see me that way, I dont see any reason to care about it anymore.

It appears as if you are so much interested in bringing peace but I dont seem to see you dig deeper into the root causes into the Maoist problem. In my opinion, it looks like you haven seen the Maoists problem started only after the arrival of democracy in 1990 subsequently leading to war in 1996.

Dude you gotta understand that the Maoists get the credit of only initiating the revolt. If the Maoists have had never existed in Nepal there still will be a revolt against the establishment. Enough social, political, economic tensions were brewing up since the formation of Nepal as a state underneath the surface, a long before the arrival of democracy in 1990.

The huge social, political, economic disparity between the "rulers" and the "ruled", between city and villages, between different races has become the most fundamental reasons for any uprisings and revolt in most countries in the world.

May be it is possible to kill handfull of people who participate in the revolt but unfortunately the continuing huge disparity will continue to produce people who will revolt and the war will go on. It is really sad to say that the outburst of anger in the form of killings by any individuals involved in any revolts in any country and society is the result of long term suppression they suffered in the hands of rulers and the establishment.

IF anyone can offer some hope and help for the politically, ecomonically, socially and racially suppressed groups of people definately it will the best remedy for any potential revolt in any country and society.

Newuser dude if you can find any probable solution on this front, probably your intention of bringing peace will become a reality. IF not simply looking at the outer political picture such as comments form the US State Department will not make any changes on the ground.
Chao

Things are getting clearer day by day about the intentions of King Gyanendra. First let's start from the news about the arrest of Kanak Dixit.
Kanak Dixit was detained on Monday evening without handing any charges. Some loyalists of the royal palace have already created a reason to protect this move saying that Dixit had been to India few days ago and he might be detained by the security forces on suspicion of his involvement in dissident political activities taking place in India. Some of the sajhaites have branded him as Girija's mouthpiece and some have even gone to label him as a RAW agent. Ridiculous allegations. We cannot expect any better arguement from those Gyanendra loyalists but the fact is Kanak Dixit has been arrested because of this cover story (linked) published in the latest issue of Himal Khabarpatrika. Please read this story if you want to know what is inside.

- http://www.nepalihimal.com/2061/falgun-16-30/aabaran_biswa_samudaya%20_ra_nepal.htm

The gist of the story is that King Gyanendra has not been able to convince the international community led by India about the justification of the Royal move in Feb 1. Dixit's argument in the cover story is a crystal clear fact which any person with an IQ of at least 100 can understand. How can Gyanendra expect India, USA or UK giving explicit approval of his move that includes detention of political leaders, ban on independent media and imposition of severe restrictions on civil liberties? There is no point in him to expect their support while his restrictions are no less than that of NorthKorea. There's more freedom in China, Cuba, Zimbabwe or Pakistan then in Nepal at present. How the hell can George Bush speak about rooting out autocractic regime from the world(refer to his state of the union address) if he supports Gyanendra in this situation?
If he has to generate support from India and the USA, Gyanendra most lift a number of bans. It is inevitable and the longer Gyanendra takes to soften the restrictions, the more suspicion will arise to the international community.

Dixit also adds in his cover story that the democratic freedom restored by the pressure from India and International community will be costly for Nepal. His argument is very plausible. (I have expressed a similar kind of opinion some where up in the thread almost a week ago). Gyanendra should have realised this fact and never opted to take such a draconian measure in the first hand. Once he did, he should have lifted some of those bans sooner. But he has sticked to his initial moves and this means the international community(specially India) will make this a case for bargain. Gyanendra shouldn't have allowed this oppurtunity for the international community because sooner or later he has to lift the bans if he wants to extend his direct rule for 3 years.
Now Dixit goes on to say that other countries shouldn't be given the chance to involve in restoring partial democracy in Nepal and it is us Nepalese who should step up for our democracy. Because, involvement of foreigners in our democratic movement will give them a chance of bargaining with our estabilishments time and again. Over dependence on India by our political leaders have in the past cost a lot on our bilateral trade, water sharing and territorial disputes. Again Dixit's argument is very authentic and patriotic.

So, why should Dixit be arrested because of this lead article? The new regime(in Dixit's word) had outlined it's media guideline and said- everything except the materials that help the terrorists(maoists) can be published. And there is nothing as such in this cover story. Even then, they have arrested him because their intentions are clear. 'Not to let any one who oppose autocracy to speak their mind.' If they speak, the public will be conscious and rise against them. Because Kanak has published some bitter truths about Tulsi Giri and Rameshnath Pandey, these cronies might have initiated personally to teach him some lessons- If you oppose us, we will throw you to the dungeon. I know that he will not be kept in detention for long. Gyanendra will again loose his case if he doesn't free Kanak on Tuesday and he is not that stupid to keep him in custody for long. But this is a warning to the rest of the media that the restrictions will be further tightened. He wants to scare the media. He wants to scare Kanak Dixit. And this is the most frightening part of the whole incident. Gyanendra's intention is to rule Nepal in darkness so that no one will ever venture to write or broadcast any thing against his interest in the future. However, as a professional neither Kanak should deviate his mission nor other journalists should be scared from this arrests. If they are scared, their rights will be taken partly and partially and finally the same days of Panchayati darkness will come back. Rest is the nightmare.
Much said about Kanak's article. Now I must categorically dismiss the allegations labelled on him. Not because I have any relation with him but because of my understanding of his contribution in the development of fair and analytical journalism in Nepal. He is one of the role models for investigative journalism of Nepal and a true mentor to the new generation who are taking up the subject as their profession. First, because he has expressed his fear about India's potentially decisive role in meddling on Nepali affairs, the allegation that he is a RAW agent is totally absurd. Second, because Himal have always highlighted the wrong doings of Girija Prasad Koirala in the past he cannot be labelled as a mouth piece of GPK. Infact, Himal was one of the few magazines or newspaper which have reported on wrongdoings committed by everyone Girija to Deuba, Makune to Surya Bahadur Thapa and Paras to Sharad |Chandra Shah. Himal is one of the few good things that came into existence and flourished in post democracy. They are the watershed in our media industry. To sum up, detention of Kanak Dixit is the sign of psychological rupture in Gyanendra's mindset.Instead of strenghtening his position, Gyanendra has to loose more by detaining a truly professional and responsible journalist. I hope our journalist community will not be scared of this incident and continue to explore the truth no matter if they have to end up behind bars. If they shut their mouth today, their mouth will be sewed for long.
newuser

As for Bhrasta Netaji, I have yet to address your concerns. I do understand the problems you have raised about the disparity between the rulers and ruled. The problems of the poors in Nepal is obviously centuries old phenomenon and that could have been boiled one day sooner or later even if the Maoists had not started their 'jana yudda'.
But these sort of disparities exist in every society in the world. It is in smaller scale in the developed countries and wider scale in developing nations. These issues are some thing that can be minimised but not totally cleared up. If the rulers rule the country sensibly, I mean if they put a good governance, implementing an equal share of development efforts in urban and rural areas, the huge disparity can be minimised. I mean taking up arms is not the solution. Solution is imparting fair share of national development efforts. In Nepal's case over looking the plight of Karnali, Seti and Mahakali was a grave mistake of our rulers. However, this is not something that can be erased by creating a maoists state. This is something that can be gradually brought into smaller degree by imparting more of national encome to those areas. We can discuss on this issue in depth in the upcoming days.

नेपाललाई कस्तो राजनीतिक परिवर्तनको खाँचो छ?
नेपाल राजनीतिक संकटको गहीरो भूमरीमा फसेको छ। सबै राजनीतिक पक्षहरु देशको वास्ताविक समस्या निराकरण गर्ने सम्भावित उपायको सामुहिक खोजी गर्ने भन्दा पनि कसरी परिस्थितिलाई आफ्नो अनुकुल पारेर सत्ताको मूख्य हिस्सा आफ्नो मुठ्ठिमा कस्ने भनेर एक्लै एक्लै भौतारिइरहेका छन्। यो नै देशका लागि सवभन्दा दूर्भाग्यपूर्ण कुरा हो। हाम्रा शासक तथा राजनीतिज्ञहरु आफूहरुबाट विगतमा भएका भूलहरु सच्च्याएर अघि बढ्नुपर्ने टड्कारो आवश्यकता देशले माग गरिरहेका बखत पनि सत्ता लिप्साको फोहोरी खेलमा तल्लिन भैरहनु नेपाल र नेपालीका लागि दुखद यथार्थ बन्न पुगेको छ। अहिले राजा, बहुदलवादी राजनीतिक दलहरु र माओवादी तीनै पक्ष?ले अख्तियार गरेको राजनीतिक बाटोले देशलाई संकटको भूमरीबाट सुरक्षित रुपमा निकाल्नुको सट्टा भूमरीमा रन्थना?एर डुबाइदिने खतरा बढ्दै गैरहेको छ। वर्तमान राजनीतिक दूष्चक्र अझै केहि समय घुमिनै रह्यो भने नेपालको सार्वभौमिक अखण्डता सदाका लागि विलिन हुने पीडादायी सम्भावनको वादल सगरमाथा र माछापुच्छ्रे वरिपरि मडारिइरहेको छ। त्यसैले नेपालको अस्तित्वमा गौरव गर्ने सम्पूर्ण सचेत नेपाली आमाका सपूतहरु- हामी सवैले राजनीतिको फोहोरी खेलबाट देशलाई पराजित र पराधिन गराउन खोज्ने स्वार्थी शासक र नेताहरुलाई सहि मार्गमा फर्काउने उपायहरुको खोजी गर्नु वान्छनिय भएको छ। कुनै एक राजनीतिक वर्गको समर्थन गरेर तीन पक्षबीचको सत्ता संघर्षको आगोमा घ्यू थप्ने होइन कि तीनै पक्षलाई आ-आफ्नो राजनीतिक दिवास्वप्न र असम्भव सुगा रटान परित्याग गरि स्वच्छ र देशभक्तिपूर्ण राजनीतिको मूलधारमा समाहित हुन वाध्य पार्नु समयको आवश्यकता र हाम्रो दायित्व हुन आउँछ। आउनुस नेपाली दाजुभाई दिदीवहिनीहरु एकैछिन नेपालमा भैरहेको राजनीतिक झगडाको ओखति के हुन सक्छ त? यसबारेमा आ- आफ्ना वुद्धि र वर्कतले भ्याएसम्मका उपायहरुको खोजी गरौं। सत्ताका लागि बैचारिक र शसस्त्र संघर्षरत सबै पक्षहरुलाई मेलमिलापको डोरीले वाध्ने गाँठो के हुनसक्छ? यहि जटील र गहन यक्षप्रश्नको उत्तर खोज्ने इमान्दार प्रयास गरौं।

Please put your comments and I will also keep on writing . Newuser

Newuser's last question (in Nepali) reminds me of Nepal Parichaya or Panchayat ko question. Still feel siringa from those days!

नेपाल परिचय र पंचायत रे। के थियो सिताराजी त्यसमा? र किन सिरिङ्ग?

नेपाललाई कस्तो राजनीतिक परिवर्तनको खाँचो छ?

नेपाल राजनीतिक संकटको गहीरो भूमरीमा फसेको छ। सबै राजनीतिक पक्षहरु देशको वास्ताविक समस्या निराकरण गर्ने सम्भावित उपायको सामुहिक खोजी गर्ने भन्दा पनि कसरी परिस्थितिलाई आफ्नो अनुकुल पारेर सत्ताको मूख्य हिस्सा आफ्नो मुठ्ठिमा कस्ने भनेर एक्लै एक्लै भौतारिइरहेका छन्। यो नै देशका लागि सवभन्दा दूर्भाग्यपूर्ण कुरा हो। हाम्रा शासक तथा राजनीतिज्ञहरु आफूहरुबाट विगतमा भएका भूलहरु सच्च्याएर अघि बढ्नुपर्ने टड्कारो आवश्यकता देशले माग गरिरहेका बखत पनि सत्ता लिप्साको फोहोरी खेलमा तल्लिन भैरहनु नेपाल र नेपालीका लागि दुखद यथार्थ बन्न पुगेको छ। अहिले राजा, बहुदलवादी राजनीतिक दलहरु र माओवादी तीनै पक्ष?ले अख्तियार गरेको राजनीतिक बाटोले देशलाई संकटको भूमरीबाट सुरक्षित रुपमा निकाल्नुको सट्टा भूमरीमा रन्थना?एर डुबाइदिने खतरा बढ्दै गैरहेको छ। वर्तमान राजनीतिक दूष्चक्र अझै केहि समय घुमिनै रह्यो भने नेपालको सार्वभौमिक अखण्डता सदाका लागि विलिन हुने पीडादायी सम्भावनको वादल सगरमाथा र माछापुच्छ्रे वरिपरि मडारिइरहेको छ। त्यसैले नेपालको अस्तित्वमा गौरव गर्ने सम्पूर्ण सचेत नेपाली आमाका सपूतहरु- हामी सवैले राजनीतिको फोहोरी खेलबाट देशलाई पराजित र पराधिन गराउन खोज्ने स्वार्थी शासक र नेताहरुलाई सहि मार्गमा फर्काउने उपायहरुको खोजी गर्नु वान्छनिय भएको छ। कुनै एक राजनीतिक वर्गको समर्थन गरेर तीन पक्षबीचको सत्ता संघर्षको आगोमा घ्यू थप्ने होइन कि तीनै पक्षलाई आ-आफ्नो राजनीतिक दिवास्वप्न र असम्भव सुगा रटान परित्याग गरि स्वच्छ र देशभक्तिपूर्ण राजनीतिको मूलधारमा समाहित हुन वाध्य पार्नु समयको आवश्यकता र हाम्रो दायित्व हुन आउँछ। आउनुस नेपाली दाजुभाई दिदीवहिनीहरु एकैछिन नेपालमा भैरहेको राजनीतिक झगडाको ओखति के हुन सक्छ त? यसबारेमा आ- आफ्ना वुद्धि र वर्कतले भ्याएसम्मका उपायहरुको खोजी गरौं। सत्ताका लागि बैचारिक र शसस्त्र संघर्षरत सबै पक्षहरुलाई मेलमिलापको डोरीले वाध्ने गाँठो के हुनसक्छ? यहि जटील र गहन यक्षप्रश्नको उत्तर खोज्ने इमान्दार प्रयास गरौं।

Please put your comments and I will also keep on writing . Newuser

Worth reading article by Abhi Subedi in thursday's The Kathmandu post.


Poetics of fear


By ABHI SUBEDI

- I want to begin with the reiteration of my very simple yet profound knowledge. That is, all the major wars of the poor countries are fought with the weapons given or sold out by the powerful countries of the world. Students at the Central Department of English asked me once to sum up the legacy of the Western rule in the postcolonial world in one word. I put what was coursing through my turbulent mind for long in one tangible word. I said?the word is ?gun?, which can represent the legacy of the Western world to the garib or the poor countries of the third world. After I pronounced the word I felt an energy welling up within me as it were. I became so eloquent on the subject that I covered in brief the history of the countries that I have followed with interest over the decades.

Lethal trade

Examples abound. The nearest one comes from South Asia. Indian and Pakistani leaders vie for arms. If an American President or the Secretary of State or even a simple envoy gravitates to this part of the world, Indian and Pakistani politicians in the government and outside compete to get this person?s greater attention. They look at this person with covetous eyes. The expectation is not for food or medicine, but for arms, yes, the lethal, horrible arms and ammunition and money to buy them. "What do they need these arms for?" I asked the students on my part. Students scored full marks in that question. They said in a chorus?"to kill each other." The next question I rolled down was: "Why do they want to kill each other?" The students could not score any marks. They did not know why the people of India and Pakistan want to kill each other. Personally, I hazarded many guesses for the exact answer. I said?perhaps they started killing each other to rewrite the geopolitical boundaries. Perhaps they want to kill each other because they pray to different unseen or nebulous deities. Perhaps their prayers have different morning and evening ragas. Perhaps they think they feel differently when it pains them. Perhaps they know that they have guns and the Americans and other metropolitan powers have promised more guns so that they can kill each other. Finally, perhaps they think they do not know why they kill each other.

In this confusion, they have groped for answer inside and outside the bleeding, burning boundaries and territories of this region. They have come up with a devastatingly complex answer?the nuclear weapon. Governments, who need to address the most human questions, slide more and more into the terrible realms of history. They are both the victims as well as the creators of their own traps in history. They do so by creating the other?the giver of guns by using which they perpetually fight futile and useless wars. This is a unique inverse postcolonial alterity that the countries once ruled by the Western powers have created.

Farewell to arms

But the present reality is that ideologies, historical contestations and rhetoric of utopia have to be thoroughly rephrased and reworked. Traps, torture chambers and killing machineries are things to be stored in the museums but not to be practised in reality anymore. The hungry people need food; the weak and ill people need nourishment and medicine; the children need education and all people need security and minimum care. It is the responsibility of the state and related organisations at both the national and international levels to work towards it. Finally, every person even if he/she has to go to bed most nights on hungry stomach has self-respect. That needs to be restored and honoured. But these simple propositions are lost into the tangled maze of the postcolonial history. Hunger for more guns among the people of these poor regions is increasing. And the gun givers or gun snatchers happily play the role. They rule this and similar other postcolonial world with contentment and contestations among themselves.

The gun irony cuts deeper. Though I never like guns, they gave me a great revelation in my life when I suddenly woke up one morning to hear the news that the foreign donors were going to cut the supply of guns to this country. Such a decision will make some Nepalis jubilant and others unhappy. The insurgency side too would be doing the same?reacting to the gun-giving and gun-snatching issues differently. But my shock is deeper. If the people of a small and poor country like Nepal have already begun to use guns as stake like India and Pakistan to draw bleeding boundaries between the people, that means they are sliding into a hopeless situation. Jubilation and dismay over who loses and who receives guns is the greatest absurdity ever experienced by this country. What is going on? The metropolitan countries wanted to see Nepal as Shangri-La and save it as a "bell jar" where they could come and make up for the entropy they have experienced back home.

But now if others want to see as yet another model in Nepal where even the poorest of the people can continue the violent contestations with guns and prove themselves as the models for bloody experiments for the 21st century, then we are doomed. Nepalis have only one option to save themselves from becoming the Western gun babies. They should end the gun game and stop narrating the gun saga to their children. To engage in a lethal contestation is to become the absurd victim in the hands of those who have always supplied guns to the people of the poor hemispheres.

Finally, a few words about the poetics of fear. In literature and arts, fear is always given a structure like Gothic novels, magic realist narratives, turbulent visual images as in the paintings of Europe in different centuries depicting the horrible cholera epidemic.

But in Nepal the politics of fear is going to have far-reaching consequences. The people sandwiched in the fear game will be demoralised and will take at least half-a-century to fully recover from the trauma. It is easy to create fear, but difficult to undo the terrible impact of fear. Haunted people will long lose the sense of balance and liberty.

Some unsolicited advice
In hindsight, everyone should have done everything differently

We Nepalis are great at dispensing advice as long as we don't have to follow them ourselves. Following this grand tradition, here is my own two-cent's worth:

1. Don't anger a Tibet-loving US senator by arresting a few meditating Tibetans, especially when there is a trade
bill or a garment bill sponsored by the Senator on the floor of the US Congress. (And don't try to use the garment quota bill to beat the NEA over the head on Bhote Kosi.)

2. Don't get into a personality clash and break up a party when the Maoists are at the gates. The public will consider this a very selfish act and may not reelect you. If there is ever an election, that is.

3. Try to remain united and sensible when the king is touring his dom advocating an active monarchy. Learn to
take the hint. Have you forgotten a simple childhood story: it is easier to break one stick than a bundle of seven?

4. Once in a while it does not hurt for the political leadership to oppose the Maoists and their atrocities at Ranta Park. The public may actually be convinced that it is all about something bigger than just ministerial portfolios.

5. Let's not p--- off India to please Pakistan, of all countries, for god's sake. Haven't we learned the lesson being squeezed in 1988-89?

6. Whatever happens, don?t bring a pair of octogenarians to save the country, especially when one of them seems to have lost his Nepali accent. Push comes to shove, there are still plenty of 70-year-old young turks around.

7. Choose your enemy carefully. Opening yourself up on three fronts may not be such a good idea no matter how
noble the cause. The advisers must have said, "no pain no gain", but it comes with too high a risk.

8. Political daughters should have realised that taking a rikshaw to Jogbani and taking a train to New Delhi would
have been much safer than riding an Enfield Bullet across the tarai for five days.

9. A ?can?t we all get along? speech may be imprudent when a bunch of old friends of your daddy are in detention, including your uncle.

10. If we practiced what we preached we could have embarked on a path to liberal democracy a long time ago.

11. Nature abhors a vacuum, so does politics. Something or someone will quickly move in to fill the gap. Dissolving local councils was the single most awful idea. Stopping FM news is the second most-awful.

13. C?mon, jailing a 70-year-old professor is just plain silly. Fight an armed Maoist, not an old man with a pen.

14. Holding the Royal Nepal Army to a higher level of accountability on human rights is all very well. But let?s not overlook what the Maoists have been doing.

16. You can?t keep things hidden for long in this day and age. It?s counterproductive to stop phones, radio and internet in the 21st century.

Alok K Bohara, PhD, is professor of economics, University of New Mexico, USA bohara@unm.edu

I still have the vigour to keep this thread alive but have very little time to put my own write ups for the next few days. In the mean time, doing some cut and paste business. These are some impartial and sensible thoughts but not mine. A poem that depicts the current dilemma of hopes first and then an article predicting the fate of a current minister so soon. Here we are:

Poem by Bimal Niva

कहिलका"ही हिउ"

भ्रम भएर म छेउ आउ"छ

र सुस्तरी भन्न थाल्छ

आफ्नो नवीन आत्मकथा

मलाई अनुभूत हुन्छ

तमाम भ्रमहरू

हिउ"को ढिक्का भएर

म अगाडि जमेको छु

म चिसो कामिरहेको छु

हिउ" कतै छैन ।



Will Pandey save blushes for Nepal? (courtesy Kathmandu Post)


By DAMAKANT JAYSHI

- Minister for Foreign Affairs Ramesh Nath Pandey is understandably under tremendous pressure to deliver. So far he has nothing to show except tall claims with the help of a few journalists who are going out of their way to portray that the minister has achieved a lot.The day Pandey arrived from New Delhi after what he claimed "a very fruitful visit" and "widening of understanding of each other?s position" on recent developments in Nepal, two Indian ministers reiterated India?s position which the latter has maintained right since February 1. One of the ministers, in fact, made a suo moto statement.It might come as an uncomfortable reminder that the United States and the United Kingdom have been shaping their stance on Nepal?s developments in close co-ordination with India. Despite a columnist claiming about a fortnight ago that the international community has given a mixed response ? "shocks, surprises and support" ? the majority of the international community has unambiguously opposed the developments in the country since February the First. There has been no political support at all from any quarters so far. Even China has termed the developments here as internal matters, its standard position.
Why did Minister for Education and Sports Radha Krishna Mainali go public charging that Nepal?s diplomacy has failed to garner international support? Especially when you consider that three countries ? India, the UK and the US ? that claim to have nasty experiences of dealing with terrorism, being the staunchest critics of the February 1 move. Has Pandey done enough?

When ministers devote more energy and time on retaining their position rather than focussing on the task at hand, then consequences can be very grave at a time like this. You are thus forced to call up obliging media personnel and plead them to write news/articles in your favor.

This is a worrisome aspect since we have to deal with an upcoming meeting of the 61st Session of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in Geneva where minister Pandey, in his capacity as foreign minister, is travelling.

With reports that his job is on the line of fire gaining currency day by day, the minister would be under intense pressure to prove that he can convince the international community to turn their blind eye to the events unfolding here. He failed in India. Failure in Geneva would certainly do him no good.

Unfortunately for him, he does not have much in his kitty to convince a more combative and hostile international community which nearly succeeded in bruising our pride last year. The deterioration of situation here since the meeting last year will make it very difficult to convince the international community that the human rights situation has improved.

Let us not forget that last year, India and the US bailed Nepal out by killing the Switzerland-sponsored and European Union backed resolution on Nepal. The US Congress has since tied up military aid to Nepal with improvement in human rights situation here and India?s position has been consistent: rolling back emergency, releasing political detainees and restoration of constitutional and press freedoms. Their support this year will be nothing short of miracle. And miracles don?t happen every year.

True, there have been no reports of rights abuses in the past six weeks or so, but this will be seen in the light of a gagged press which has been barred from reporting anything related to the security forces or the Maoists unless the information comes from the army.

With Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) declaring their campaign for appointment of UN Special Rapporteur for Nepal on monitoring human rights, things would be pretty difficult for the government. Can the government escape severe strictures that are certainly to occur in Geneva?

If only Pandey were not worried about retaining his ministerial job?

Hi friends, I am back again continuing my boring thread. To begin with -war is inevitabile but it can be avoided for the good of people.

Only the dead have seen the end of war- Plato.

Ever since the evolution of organisms, war has been an ongoing phenomenon. If you believe in mythology, devastating wars took place in the world during the rule of gods. If you don't believe in myths, wars have been going on throughout the history. Fight amongst animals for survival is a different aspect, but the war amongst human beings have been the most important feature of world civilization. Without war, time wouldn't have passed by. Without war, the world would have been a different place altogether. If there had not been war between human beings, probably we would continue to live in jungle as our forefathers did. Leo Tolstoy concluded in his epic 'war and peace' that there is a minimum of free choice, all is ruled by an inexorable historical determinism. So war is determined by history, we have no choice to avoid it. The Greeks, the Prussians, the Italians, the Russians, the Chinese, the Britishs, the Germans, the Frenchs, the Americans, the Japanese all went through big wars in their history. The Nepalese saw plenty of them in their short history. Hence, although it is the curse on humanity, war occurs time and again. It is perpetual and hence inevitable.

Saying so, the biggest lessons learned from wars is that war cannot be a solution to the mysery of human beings. Wars cannot end the problems of human beings. The Japanese, the Europeans and the Americans (although America is habitual with waging war against other nations) have learned from the past that war does not help to progress. At least war against each other in the same country is the biggest obstacle to progress. Japan realised this truth, Germany understood this fact and hence they opted to keep themselves away from war and concentrated on their industrial development. The Europeans after indulging themselves for centuries of war realised the dangers and devastations of war. They opted the path of diplomacy and negotiations, they learned that cooperation and mutual understanding are the right way to deal with social problems. They could avoid war amongst themselves in the last 5, 6 decades and now most of the European countries are enjoying the fruits of democracy and development.

Hence, if we try to learn from the past or from the west, we Nepalese must now understand that war cannot be a solution to our problems. The Maoists started their 'people's war' to find a way out to end inequality and injustice from the country. Now their war has helped to expand inequality and injustice in the country. The previous governments tried to deal the Maoists militarily and waged war against them which has only helped to increase the scale of war. Now the Gyanendra's administraion is determined to launch full scale war against the Maoists. This will only lead to the devastation of our country. War is not the solution, other peaceful alternatives must be choosen to deal with the current crisis. We should learn from the west and try to avoid bloodbath in the country. If the warring sides retreat from their ambitions to rule single handedly, this war could be controlled and brought to an end. Otherwise, war will lead to the downfall of Nepal as a nation. The downfall of monarchy and the downfall of maoists as well. It's time to learn from others who have achieved progress and prosperity after leaving war behind them and concentrating on social and economic development initiatives.

Just filling in the gap effort while I am busy with my stuffs: worth reading extract.

Courtesy - Kantipur, wednesday

विचार, छेकाबार र भकुण्डो


खगेन्द्र संग्रँैला

- स्वतन्त्रता र न्यायको चेतना घुलमिल भएको विचार ज्याद्रो हु?दो रहेछ । जतिसुकै छेक, जतिसुकै खेद, जतिसुकै सताऊ, त्यो मरिगए निहुरिन नमान्ने । हालको रीतिस्थितिमा यो कुरा बुझियो ।सुलसुले लगाएर विचारलाई पक्राउ गर्न त सकिन्छ नै, तर सत्य र न्यायको अस्त्रद्वारा सुसज्जित विचारलाई प्याकिसबन्दी गरेर धेरै समय कजाउन र कु?ज्याउन भने कठिन छ । हिटलरले बेपत्ता कोसिस गरे, सकेनन् । कालान्तरमा मुसोलिनी आफै? मुसो भए । पाप धुरीबाट कराएपछि पिनोसे तेल निख्रिएको पिनाझै? पद्दु भए । जीवनको ठूलो सा?झमा पुगिसकेका फुकिढल ती बूढालाई कठालामा समातेर न्यायको कठघरामा उभ्याइ?दा कठैबरा ? भनेर चुकचुकाउने कोही भएन । पढ्नुमात्र पर्छ, इतिहासमा उदाहरण बग्रेल्ती छन् ।
अहिले माननीय रमेशनाथ पाण्डेलाई जेनेभामा राष्ट्रसङ्घको छातामुनि ठिङ्गे लगाएर सोधि?दै होला, एक्काइसौ? शताब्दीमा अठाह्रौ? शताब्दीको जस्तो छेकथुनको नीति लिने तिमीहरू कहिलेका हौ - मान्छेलाई छेकेर छेक्नै नसकिने विचारलाई छेक्ने धृष्टता गर्नेहरूका लागि यो सकसपर्ूण्ा सङ्कटकाल हो ।

सरकारी इच्छा र आज्ञाको भजन गाउन जति पनि छुट छ । तर, उक्त इच्छा र आज्ञामाथि प्रश्न गर्न, सन्देह गर्न र विमति प्रकट गर्न भने पर्ूण्ा निषेध छ । तथापि राप र तापसहितका विचारहरू लुकीलुकी भए पनि अन्धकारका पत्रभित्रबाट बोलिरहेकै छन् । अहिले मुलकभित्रका निसासिएका बोलीहरूमा विचारको ताप र आवेगको राप भर्न मुलुकबाहिर जगतैभरि छरिएर बसेका नेपालीहरू समवेत स्वरमा बोलिरहेका छन् । त्यसैले त कुन्साङ काकाले भनेका हुन्, थानकोट र त्रिभुवन विमानघाटमा सम्मानित नागरिकहरूलाई अपमानपर्ूवक छेकेर विचारको प्रकाश, त्यसको गति र त्यसको शक्तिलाई छेक्न असम्भव छ ।

विचारलाई छेक्न खोजेर विचारको बीउ मासि?दो रहेनछ, बरु त्यो त अचम्मस?ग केन्द्रित र संचित पो हु?दोरहेछ । पाखुरा बजारेर पम्पले मारी हावा पेल्दा भकुण्डोमा हावा केन्द्रित र संचित भएजस्तै । विचारलाई चलखेल गर्न नदिन बहुल विचारविरुद्ध सडकैभरि बुटहरूको बिगबिगी छ । विचारलाई तर्सर्ाा सडकैभरि अनेकओली यन्त्र र उपकरणहरूको पर््रदर्शन गरिएको छ । अझ त्यसमाथि सहरभरि सुलसुलेहरूको सरगर्मी छ । पत्रिका पसलमा सुलसुले, चिया पसलमा सुलसुले, चोक र चौतारीमा सुलसुले, डबली र गल्लीमा सुलसुले, सञ्चार प्रतिष्ठानमा सुलसुले, विद्यालय र मदिरालयमा सुलसुले, देवालय र मूत्रालयमा सुलसुले, जताततै सुलसुल्यै सुलसुलेको जंगल छ । तैपनि सहरमा दिनदिनै मानौ? शून्यबाट 'जिन्दावाद' र 'मर्ुदावाद' को भाकामा विचारहरू कतै लुक्दै र कतै फुक्दै नित्य यात्रा गरिरहेकै छन् । स्वतन्त्रता र स्वाभिमान, न्याय र नैतिकता, लोकतन्त्र र लोकल्याणका उदात्त भावनाहरूमा भिजेका विचारहरू सुलसुले बन्धुहरूका आ?खा छल्न सिपालु हु?दा रहेछन् । देखेर जानियो ।

भकुण्डोमा जब हावा टनाटन भरिन्छ, त्यो निकै नै चञ्चल हुन्छ । हल्का र्स्पर्शले पनि त्यो फुत्त उप्रिmन्छ । लाग्छ, 'जिन्दावाद' र 'मर्ुदावाद' को स्वभाव पनि त्यस्तै रहेछ । छेकथुन, आखेट र कुल्चाइमा परेर विचार मानिसका चित्तरूपी ब्लाडरमा टन्न भरिएपछि 'जिन्दावाद' र 'मर्ुदावाद' को भाकामा त्यो विस्फोट हु?दो रहेछ । जब छेकथुनको कारखानाबाट विस्फोटक भकुण्डाहरूको उत्पादन तीव्र गतिमा हु?दैजान्छ त्यो बेला सहर मानव-भकुण्डाहरूले भरिएर चैत २४ गते आउ?दो रहेछ । यो काकाश्रीले अतितका पाना पल्टाएर भनेको सा?चो बेहोरा हो ।
इतिहास भन्छ, हाम्रा निर्दलवादी बन्धुहरूका निमित्त चैत २४ गते अप्रिय दिन हो । जब त्यो दिन आउ?छ, यी बन्धुहरूमध्ये कतिपय आप\mनो अधो-वस्त्र भिजाउ?दै दसगजापारि कुलेलम ठोक्छन् । प्रत्यक्ष उदाहरण श्रीलंकावासी श्री टी. गिरीका सल्लाहकार श्री शरदचन्द्र शाह हुनुहुन्छ । आफूलाई लाभ र अमनचैन हुने भए देशलाई सम्भिmटोपल्ने, नहुने भए धनको थैलो बोकेर मुग्लान भासिने निर्दलवादीस?ग आप\mनो माटोमा उभिएर लड्न र जिउनका निमित्त कुनै आदर्श हु?दैन । तीस?ग केवल स्वार्थको अगस्ती झोली हुन्छ । तीस?ग केवल भक्तिको चिप्लो बोली हुन्छ । तिनका अन्तरमा जनसाधारणका शिरमा गिर खेल्ने उत्कट लालसा हुन्छ । र, तिनका चित्तमा धन सञ्चय गर्ने अतिशय तृष्णा र सोख-बिलास गर्ने असीम लिप्सा हुन्छ । देशभक्तिको भजन त लोकतन्त्रको गर्धन कलमी गर्ने तिनको अस्त्रमात्र हो । निहित स्वार्थ पूरा गर्ने मार्गमा किञ्चित् व्यवधान पैदा भयो कि ती देश र दुनियालाई चटक्कै माया मारेर विदेशतिर पाल्छन् । जसरी श्री टी. गिरी श्रीलंका र श्री शरदराजा सिंहापुर पाल्नुभएथ्यो । राजनीतिका निर्वाचित कर्ताहरूको नालायकीको नतिजास्वरूप लेकतन्त्ररूपी र्सर्ूयमा ग्रहण लाग्दा निजश्रीहरूलाई आप\mनो गुमेको र्स्वर्गको स्मरण भयो र हामी अनाथहरूलाई दर्शन दिन हाल यतातिर पाउकष्ट गर्नुभएको छ ।

कुन्साङ काका भन्छन्, आप\mनो मनोकाङ्क्षा पर्ूण्ा नभएका दिन हाम्रा विदेशवासी यी बन्धुहरूको फिर्ती सवारी पक्का पनि उतै हुनेछ । जसले सत्तारूपी जर्सर्ीीाईलाई दुहेर दौलत थुपारेका छन्, तिनलाई त जहा? गए पनि भएकै छ । तर, हामी दिनदिनै बुद्धि र पाखुरा चलाएर जेनतेन प्राण धान्ने ससाना मानिसहरूका लागि भने नेपाल नै र्सवस्व हो । त्यसैले हामीलाई नेपालको माया छ, र हामीलाई नेपाललाई सुन्दर बनाउने लोकतन्त्रको पनि माया छ ।

Padhne mitra harule ek dui bachan pratrikriya janaudai garnu bhaye lekhna hausala milne thiyo. Tara mathi ko ta mero haina hai, Khagendra Sangroula ko ni.

The Road to Afghanistan

-newuser

In New Delhi, US secretary of state Condoleezza Rice said a couple of important things. One thing that might interest US based Nepalese is that she expressed her unwillingness to contest in the 2008 presedential elections. Democrat Senator Hillary Clinton is already dubbed as a potential winner(her candidature is not a certainty however) although there is quiet a long way to go before the real picture emerges . But it would have been such an exciting campaign if the two parties from the only superpower of the planet fielded women as their presidential candidate.
More important then this repetition by the secretary of state, she said Nepali government needed to get back on a democratic path. "That simply must happen... it needs to happen very, very soon," she said. And lets focus on this version from her statement in the Indian capital.

Every one who is following the US politics (not necessarily keenly) knows that Rice is one of Bush's very very very trusted aides. When Rice says 'this must happen' it means president Bush is determined to make it happen. When Bush says something must happen, it happens in most parts of the world. Obviosuly except in China, North Korea and Iran(although Tehran is increasingly fearful about a possible US military intervention these days). So King Gyanendra must take note of Rice's latest statement which reflects America's clear intentions to restore democracy and civil rights in the himalayan kingdom.

At the same time, Nepali government has expressed 'it's belief that the anti-secession legislation enacted by the Chinese National People?s Congress will contribute to achieving the goal of reunification with Taiwan' and extended 'its unequivocal support for the legislation that China has enacted.'

This statement by Gyanendra's administration at a time when the country is isolated from the democratic communion of the world can be adjudged as the last throw in the dice for the continuation of 'mandaly coalition' in Nepal. But the Kings diplomatic advisors seem to have underestimated the extent of possible repercussions this kind of statements can generate in the international community. This may turn out to be the biggest mistake made by the present government in the diplomatic font in its desperate attempt to survive for longer time.

In Delhi, Miss Rice didn't make a lot of fuss about Nepal. She had other bigger matters to deal with. Bilateral economic and military ties with India, call for improving Indo-Pak ties, US opposition in the connection of Iranian gas pipeline to India, Indian oppositon on US attempts to sell F-16s to Pakistan were high in the agenda. But Nepal's issue was not trivial either. The two big bullies(in context of Nepal) along with Brtain have already been united to find out their solution to Nepal's newest crisis and this visit has only asserted India's role in determining the fate of the assistance of the trio countries to Nepal.
It seems, Dr Rice may not have been briefed in Delhi about Nepal's latest support to Chinese intentions of unifiying Taiwan to the main land. But when her department is notified about this development, US will clearly be annoyed. US is very worried of China these days. The Taiwan legislation is a big blow to America's stance on this affair. China's surging economy and a big leap on it's latest military budget have already aggrevated to US diplomatic concerns. Now, when Nepal without thinking about the US, offers it's explicit support to China on a matter which America judges in a completely different way, it is certain that Kathmandu will have to face a bitter response from the Bush administration. This step has jeopardised any chance whatsoever of reviving US military and logistic support to Nepal. Kathmandu leaning towards Beijing will not be taken positively in Delhi as well. Hence, Gyanendra's regime has pushed the country in a trublesome state and opened the doors for extreme foreign intervention in the days to come.

Recently, Rameshnath Pandey's trip to India was unable to extract Indian support for the continuation of status quo in Nepal. Although he termed the visit as fruitful, India showed it's back to Gyanendra's effort. With US and UK urging for allowing parties to excercise politics, lifting ban on civil rights including the resotoration of press freedom, India couldn't have agreed to dance in the tune of King Gyanendra even if it could have bargaind with the new regime on some bilateral issues. India is pushing hard for it's greater role in the international arena now making it's voice of becoming a permanent memeber of the UN Security council louder and clearer. So it's relationship with the US is vital for fulfilling that ambition. Besides, India's dealing with it's nothern neighbour cannot be taken for granted when it officially starts the security council membership campaign. The reality is India simply cannot afford to support King Gyanendra's undemocratic moves when the majority of the countries in the world are longing for democratic reforms. It knows that Nepal's political parties supporting constitutional monarchy shouldn't be ignored if the country is to get back to democracy. Even though Maoists are a threat to Indian interest, it knows that Gyanendra can be forced to retreat from his ambitions of ruling autocratically. India's aspirations are to become one of the world leaders and hence it can't deviate itself from democratic values. And US and UK are also pressurising India for reestabilishing the same thing in Nepal. Hence, Pandey had to return being disappointed in Delhi.

At the same time, the European Union and the United Nations also gave clear message against King's tyrannical ambitions. Pandey have faced a stark criticism from the human rights organizations in Geneva too. Surprisingly, Pakistan came up with an idea to offer weaponry to Nepal. This must have infuriated India very much. Now when Nepal needlessly offered it's gesture to China against the interest of the US on Taiwanese matter, the Americans must be annoyed for simple reasons. Thus, the new Nepalese government has drawn contradictory foreign interests on the country. China, India, USA, UK, Pakistan, EU, UN and even North Korea and Cuba have stepped on to meddle in Nepal's internal affairs now. Unnecessarily, our country is becoming the play ground for foreign players. This means that all the above countries as well as some new one will try to envisage their role in Nepal for the long run. If contradictory foreign interests are allowed to play their strategic games in Nepal, the transformation of Nepal into Afghanistan is all set to happen. Gyanendra is driving Nepal on to the road to Afghanistan today. He must make a turn. If he doesn't want to drag the nation in a pitfall he should immidiately consult constitutional parties and lift the ban on human rights and individual freedoms and forge a concilliatory government giving it full authority to hold unconditional dialogue with maoists rebels. This is the only way to rescue Nepal from being doomed like Taleban's Afghanistan.

Guys, how did you find my analysis? Please add your own ideas and comments as well.

Newuser Sathi,

It is really a nice analysis. Giving the perfect examples and related stories, your analysis is simply the best. keep it up !!!

As you mentioned in your writings, the role of India for the betterment of Nepal is not so clear. I am not sure how the present India goes ahead but history was not in our favor. However, it seems that India is trying to lead at least some parts of world, if not be like US and China. For this, democratic image is a must especially to get supports from US and to compete with china. If India really wants democracy in Nepal, the presnet Royal Administration can not go long even after getting suppport from Pakisthan and China due to its geographical location. The duration of the present King's administration in Kathmandu is depndent more with the Indian Policies than any other countries in the world.

I am a great fan of Khagendra Sangraula because of his continuous writings in people's favor, very interesting and proper use of Nepali words and critical for anyone who does wrong with people. I have not found anybody he continuously supports all the time except the low class nepali people and Nepalese reality.

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OK

मण्डले? शब्दस?ग जोडिएको भाषिक प्रसंग


डा. तुलसी भट्टर्राई

- गएको फागुन २० गतेको कान्तिपुरमा वरिष्ठ साहित्यकार्रर् इश्वरवल्लभले आफ्नो स्तम्भ 'सीमान्तवर्ती' भित्र 'मण्डले' शब्दको अर्थबारे चर्चा गरेको पाइयो । मण्डले शब्दको केही अर्थ नियतवश थपिएको कुरा उठाइएको छ । आशय छ- जानाजान यसरी नराम्रो अर्थ थपियो ।

हुन पनि यस्तै देखिन्छ, सरर्सर्ती हर्ेदा । मण्डले शब्दको प्रविष्टि ०४० मा निर्मित 'नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश'मा मात्र भएको छ । अघिल्ला शब्दकोशहरूमा मण्डल र मण्डलीपछि मण्डलेश्वर पाइन्थ्यो । पछिल्लोमा मण्डले शब्द थपिएपछि अर्थ पनि लेखियो- १. दलको प्रमुख नेता । २. दल वा जमातमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेल्ने व्यक्ति । ३. छुल्याहा, बदनामी कमाएको उद्धत । ४. अरूको अहित चिताउने, उपद्रवी ।

यी अर्थमध्ये पछिल्ला दुइटामा मात्र आपत्ति जनाइएको रहेछ, सीमान्तवर्ती आलेखमा । 'एउटा असलवाचक शब्दलाई कुनै नियतवश अर्को अर्थको प्रयोग गर्न खोज्नु कदापि ठीक होइन । अर्थ विचलन वा विखण्डन गर्दा डरलाग्दो व्रि्रह वा व्यवधान उत्पन्न हुन्छन् । यस्तो गर्नु हु"दैन ।' आदि भनाइ लेखमा थियो ।

नेपाली भाषा व्याकरण कोशबारे खोजी हुन थालेको दर्ुइ सय वर्षपनि पुगेको छैन । वि.सं. १८६८ मा डब्लुजे कर्कपेटि्रक र १८७७ मा सीयु एटनले प्रारम्भ गरेको भाषा शब्दकोश अभियान १९८८ मा आरएल र्टनरद्वारा केही व्यवस्थित भएको थियो । हाम्रो नेपाली भाषा शब्दकोशमात्र होइन, इतिहास, संस्कृति, धर्म र परम्प्ाराजस्ता विषय पनि विदेशीले निर्धारण-मानकीकरण गर्दै आएका छन् । यो प्रसंग छुट्टै हो ।

पछि चक्रपाणि चालिसे, रामचन्द्र ढुंगाना, पारसमणि प्रधान आदि हु"दै ०१९ मा 'नेपाली शब्दकोश' नामबाट केही व्यापक र ठूलो आकारमा बालचन्द्र शर्माको शब्दकोश नेपाल राजकीय प्रज्ञा-प्रतिष्ठानबाट प्रकाशित भयो ।

अझ केही विस्तृत र आधुनिक ढंगबाट ०४० मा नेपाल राजकीय प्रज्ञा-प्रतिष्ठानबाटै 'नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश' छापियो । यस अघिका शब्दकोश व्यक्तिगत प्रयासमा प्रकाशित हुन्थे । एउटै व्यक्तिको विशेष भूमिका रहन्थ्यो ।

यो बृहत् शब्दकोशको निर्माण योजना ठूलो थियो । नेराप्रप्रका तत्कालीन उपकुलपति माधवप्रसाद घिमिरेको अध्यक्षतामा बालकृष्ण पोखरेल, डा. वासुदेव त्रिपाठी, डा. वल्लभमणि दाहाल, धनवज्र बज्राचार्य, काशीनाथ तमोट र विजय मल्ल समेतको नेपाली शब्दकोश समिति बनेको थियो । साथै एक दर्जनभन्दा बढी व्यक्ति सहयोगी थिए । ठूलै योजना र धेरै खर्चमा निर्माण भएको थियो यो कोश । शब्द पनि पुराना र नया" थप, नया" व्याख्या परिभाषाका धेरै नै बटुलिएको देखिन्छ । तर पनि यसभित्र धेरै त्रुटि र कमजोरी भेटिन्छ । अपुग छ । अधूरो छ । यो प्रसंग पनि यति नै ।

शब्दकोश निर्माण नदी प्रवाहजस्तै हो । अनन्त र निरन्तर । समय स"गस"गै नवीन खोज, अनुसन्धान बढ्दै जान्छ । नया" वस्तु खोजीले नाम दिन्छ, नाम दिएपछि अर्थ पनि खोजिन्छ । विश्वको भाषिक र शब्दकोशीय व्यवस्था हर्ेदा प्रत्येक क्षण नया"-नया" शब्द र अर्थ भेला हुने गरेको भेटिन्छ ।

भाषाको कुरा अत्यन्तै जटिल हुन्छ । देख्ता सामान्य लागे पनि भाषाभित्रको तरंग अत्यन्तै शक्तिशाली हुन्छ । 'भाषा हो सभ्यता हाम्रो सारा उदय उन्नति'- समले बुझेरै भनेका थिए ।

मानवजीवनका सम्पर्ूण्ा क्रियाकलाप, चिन्तन-मनन तथा अभिव्यक्तिको सबभन्दा सशक्त माध्यम भाषा नै हो । भाषामा आवश्यकता र परिस्थितिअनुसार उपयुक्त शब्द प्रयोग र अर्थविधानमा परिस्कार र परिवर्तन भइरहन्छ ।

परिवर्तन भइरहनु नै भाषाको जीवन्तता हो ।

भाषा र अर्थको सम्बन्ध मनुष्यस"ग हुने हु"दा मनुष्य परिवर्तित भइरहेझै" भाषामा पनि अर्थ परिवर्तन भइरहन्छ । शब्द र अर्थबारे व्याख्या विवेचना हुने क्रम प्राचीनकालदेखि नै निरन्तर छ । यो कहिल्यै पूरा नहुने विषय हो । मानवजाति रहेसम्म भाषा रहन्छ । भाषा रहेसम्म अर्थ पनि रहन्छ अनि त्यसको परिवर्तन पनि भइरहन्छ । प्रत्येक शब्दको अर्थ हुन्छ भन्ने नित्यसिद्ध छ । तर कुनै विशेष शब्दको कस्तो अर्थ हुन्छ, त्योचाहि" सामयिक हुन्छ । त्यसकारण शब्द र अर्थको सम्बन्ध यादृच्छिक परिवर्तनशील हुनु स्वाभाविक मानिन्छ । शब्दको अर्थ परिवर्तन तर्कशास्त्रको विषय होइन । यो मनोवैज्ञानिक विषयभित्र पर्छ । भाषा शब्द र अर्थका बारेमा, शब्दकोशका सम्बन्धमा अत्यधिक अध्ययन भएको छ, भइरहेको छ । यो सा"च्चै नै अनन्त र निरन्तर चल्ने विषय हो ।

शब्द र अर्थका बारेमा, शब्दार्थ र निहितार्थका सम्बन्धमा निक्र्योल गर्न गार्?हो छ । शब्दको अर्थ एउटा लाग्ने तर श्रोताले अर्कै बुझ्ने । उच्चारण र ध्वनिका आधारमा एउटै शब्दले धेरै अर्थबोध गराउने । मुख्य अर्थ

-अभिधा), विशेष प्रयोजनीय अर्थ -लक्षणा) र अझ गूढ अर्थ दिने -व्यञ्जना) गरी एउटै शब्दलाई विभिन्न ढंगबाट प्रयोग गर्ने चलन पनि चलिआएको छ ।

एउटै शब्दको यात्राक्रममा सामान्य अर्थबाट क्रमशः अर्थ विस्तार, अर्थ संकुचन, अर्थान्तर, अर्थ उत्कर्षर अर्थ अपकर्षहुने प्रवृत्ति पनि उहिल्यैदेखि पाइएको छ ।

भाषा जीवन्त सत्ता भएकाले समय परिस्थितिअनुसार परिवर्तन भइरहन्छ । भावसादृश्य, वातावरण, चेतनप्रक्रिया, अभिजात्य प्रवृत्ति आदि धेरै विषय छन्, शब्दको अर्थमा परिवर्तन ल्याउने तत्त्व ।

'पाखण्ड' शब्द एउटा विशेष सम्प्रदायका लागि प्रयोग हुन्थ्यो । पछि गएर पाखण्ड-पाखण्डका बीच संर्घष्ा, घृणाद्वेष फैलिन थाल्यो । आज त्यही पछिल्लो विषय समातेर पाखण्डको अर्थ 'आडम्बर, झूटो' बुझिने भयो ।

'राम्ररी घेरा हाल्नु' अर्थबोध हुने 'परिवार' शब्दको अर्थ आज अर्कै भएको छ । 'छवटा यन्त्र भएको कोष्ठ' का लागि प्रयोग हुने 'षड्यन्त्र' शब्दले बुझाउने अर्थ अर्कै छ ।

'बलपर्ूवक गरिने काम' बलात्कार शब्द सुन्दा आज कान थुन्नुपर्ने हुन्छ । 'राम्रो बाटो हि"ड्न सिकाउने' 'महाजन' शब्द यतिबेला गाली दिएको झैं ठानिन्छ । विद्वान्-सज्जनहरूको आगमन, भेलाबोध गर्ने सम्मानवाचक शब्द- 'समागम' को अर्थ दर्ुगति विचारणीय छ । कुनै बेला 'सामन्त' शब्द उच्च अर्थवान् थियो । यतिबेलाको 'सामन्त' बबुरो भएको छ । पण्डित, गुरु, शास्त्रीजस्ता शब्दको पनि हा"सो उडाइन्छ । 'नेता' जस्तो शब्दको अर्थ पनि यतिबेला धेरै तल झरेको छ ।

'पञ्चायत' शब्द समाजको एउटा आदरणीय र सबैले मान्ने काम गर्ने संस्था वा व्यक्तिका निम्ति प्रयोग हुन्थ्यो । तर नेपाली समाजमा तीसवर्षो कालरात्रिको बोध गराउने अर्थबोध गराउ"छ । त्यस अवधिमा 'माननीय' अञ्चलाधीशजस्ता थुप्रै राम्रा शब्दलाई अर्थ अपकर्षरूपमा बुझ्नुपर्ने स्थिति आएको हो ।

'परमधाम' उत्तम-सुन्दर क्षेत्र-स्थान- अर्थबोध हुने शब्दले 'मृत्यु' जनाउने भएको छ । ठूलठूला महल भवनका बाहिरपट्ट-ि 'कुटी' लेखिएको पाइन्छ । नया" पुस्ताले महल, भवनजस्ता शब्दकै पर्याय रूपमा 'कुटी' बुझ्ने गर्दा पनि भयो ।

'मण्डले' शब्दको निर्माणमा पनि तत्कालीन भाषाविद्ले यस्तै कुनै बुद्धिको प्रयोग गरेका होलान् । त्यसो त छ्यालीसपछि थुप्रै नया" शब्द भित्रिएका छन् । 'अन्तरक्रिया' को शाब्दिक अर्थ हर्ेर्ने हो भने- आज चलेको अर्थस"ग कुनै सम्बन्ध छैन । 'अन्तर्घर्ाा पनि नवीन अर्थमा आएको छ । त्यस्तै 'चलखेल' शब्द पनि नया" हो । 'तोरीलाउरे' ले पनि निकै चर्चा पाएको छ । यस्ता शब्द प्रवृत्तिका आधारमा जन्मिन्छन् ।

सम्भवतः 'मण्डले' शब्द पनि प्रवृत्ति, चरित्रका आधारमा स्थापित गरिएको हुनसक्छ । पञ्चायतकालमा विद्यार्थीको एउटा संगठनमा 'मण्डल' जोडिएको थियो । मण्डल जोडिएको संगठनस"ग आबद्ध केही विद्यार्थी- हुल्याहा, छुल्याहा, पोलाहा प्रवृत्ति बोकेर हि"ड्थे । त्यस्ता प्रवृत्तिका केही उपद्रयाले गर्दा 'मण्डल' शब्दमाथि नै आक्रमण गर्ने स्थिति आयो । तर पनि 'मण्डल' स"ग सम्बद्ध केही व्यक्तिका नराम्रो आचरणलाई यसरी शब्दमा नै प्रवेश गराउनु कति उपयुक्त हुन्छ, त्यो छुट्टै अध्ययनको विषय हो ।

नेपालीमा प्रयुक्त शब्दमा- मूल एकारान्त बाहेकमा- 'ए कार' जोड्दा प्रायः निकृष्ट अर्थ बुझिन्छ । 'चन्दन' जस्तो पवित्र अर्थवाची शब्द 'चन्दने' हुनासाथ अर्कै बुझिन्छ । 'दाउरो'- दाउरे, 'बन्चरो'- बन्चरे, 'कालो'- काले, 'राम'- रामे, 'घोगो'- घोगे, 'दान'- दाने, 'गहत'- गहते, 'कोदो'- कोदे, 'खप्पर'- खप्परे आदि ।

त्यसैगरी-'मण्डल'-बाट 'मण्डले' जन्माइदिए त्यसबेलाका भाषाज्ञाताले । 'मण्डले'मा झुन्ड्याइएका १. दलप्रमुख नेता र २ दल वा जमातमा सक्रिय भूमिका खेल्ने व्यक्ति- अर्थको यस शब्दस"ग कुनै सम्बन्ध नै देखि"दैन । 'नेता' वा दलको प्रमुख व्यक्तिलाई 'मण्डले' भन्न मिल्दैन । 'एकार' जोडेपछि स्वतः निकृष्ट अर्थतिर जान्छ । एकप्रकार 'गाली, अपमान वा होच्याइएको' भन्ने बुझिन्छ । 'अखिल' लाई 'अखिले', 'परिषद्'- परिषदे, 'संघ'- संघे, 'समाज'- समाजे- भन्दा यथार्थ अर्थबोध नभएझै"- 'मण्डल' बाट मण्डले बनाउ"दा मण्डलमा हुने यथार्थ अर्थबोध हु"दैन । तर्सथ कोशमा दिइएका चार प्रकारका अर्थमध्ये अघिल्ला दर्ुइ अर्थका यस शब्दस"ग कुनै मेल हु"दैन । पछिल्ला दर्ुइखाले अर्थलाई सिद्ध गर्नमात्र अघिल्ला अर्थ राखिएको प्रस्ट हुन्छ । यसरी प्रयोग गर्नै नमिल्ने अर्थको कुनै प्रयोजन छैन ।

पछिल्ला दर्ुइ अर्थ भने प्रवृत्तिगत र चरित्रका आधारमा प्रयोग गर्न खोजिएको देखिन्छ । यस्ता शब्द र अर्थले कुनै व्यक्तिविशेष वा दलविशेषलाई अप्ठ्यारो नपार्नुपर्ने हो । राम्रो चरित्र, बानीबेहोरा र अर्काको अहित नचिताउने स्वभावको विकास हुने र गर्ने मान्छेलाई यस्ता शब्दले चित्त दुखाउ"दैन । 'मण्डले' एक प्रकार 'रुढ' मिथकीय शब्द बनिसकेको छ- नेपाली समाजमा । शब्दकोशबाट हटाए पनि फरक पर्दैन । शब्दकोशमा नराख्ता पनि हुन्छ । समाजभित्र असंख्य यस्ता निकृष्र्टार्थक शब्द प्रचलित छन्, तर शब्दकोशभित्र प्रवेश गराउ"दा अर्कै नकारात्मक स्थिति उत्पन्न हुने हु"दा कोशमा प्रवेश गराइ"दैन र गराउनु पनि हु"दैन ।

समाजमा प्रचलित भएकै कारण शब्दकोश र लोकोक्ति कोशमा प्रविष्टि पाएका सयौं शब्द र उक्ति हटाउनुपर्ने भएको छ । जाति, धर्म, वर्ण्र्ाालिंग आदिलाई हेपेर र हियाएर प्रयोग गर्ने गरिएका शब्दले भेद, झैझगडा उत्पन्न हुने अवस्था देखिएको हु"दा 'कोश'हरू पुनः सम्पादन गर्नुपर्ने भएको छ । यो 'मण्डल' शब्दमात्र अपवाद होइन । अन्य कतिपय शब्दको तुलनामा यो शब्द सामान्य हो । चरित्र र प्रवृत्तिका आधारमा जन्माइएका, प्रयोग गरिएका शब्दले त्यति अप्ठ्यारो पार्दैन । त्यस्तो अर्थबोध हुने शब्दगत चरित्र र प्रवृत्तिमा नलाग्ने व्यक्तिलाई छु"दैन । त्यसकारण यो 'मण्डले' शब्द सामान्य हो । यो शब्दबाट 'व्यञ्जनागत' भावका आधारमा उत्पन्न गरिएका यस्ता अर्थस"ग तर्सिनु पर्दैन ।